Surgical and Non-Surgical Procedures for HEMORRHOIDS Treatment



Specialist Procedures

Generally speaking, a conservative approach should provide ample relief of mild to moderate hemorrhoid solutions. If they fail to do so, more aggressive interventions may be needed to actively shrink or entirely remove hemorrhoids.

Non-Surgical Procedures

Unless the hemorrhoid is severe and causing disabling pain, surgery isn't immediately suggested. Instead, a doctor might suggest one of several minimally invasive procedures that can be performed in his or her office. 

  • Rubber band ligation: A rubber band is placed around hemorrhoids, cutting off the blood flow and causing hemorrhoids to shrink, usually within days.
  • Sclerotherapy: A sclerosing (hardening) agent is injected into hemorrhoid, causing the vein wall to collapse and shrivel up.
  • Infrared coagulation: An intense beam of infrared light is used to destroy tissue inside the anal canal in order to cut off the blood flow to the internal hemorrhoids.

Depending on the terms of your policy, most of these procedures are covered by health insurance.

Surgery

Surgery is reserved for only the most severe cases, including hemorrhoids that have thrombosed (filled with blood) or those that have prolapsed (slipped outside of the anal canal) and are causing severe, unrelenting pain. In rare instances, these conditions can severely choke off the blood supply and lead to tissue death and the development of gangrene.

If all other treatment options have failed, your doctor may recommend one of several surgical procedures:

  • Excisional hemorrhoidectomy is a type of surgery only used in severe cases. It is performed under general anesthesia and requires care to avoid damage to the underlying sphincter muscle as the hemorrhoid is removed. While the operation is effective in preventing hemorrhoid recurrence, it can cause significant post-operative pain and usually requires two to four weeks to recover.
  • Stapled hemorrhoidopexy It involves the use of a circular device that staples the prolapsed hemorrhoid back into its original position while cutting off the blood supply. While the postoperative pain tends to be less and the recovery time shorter, hemorrhoid recurrence is possible. A general or regional anesthetic may be used.
  • Doppler-guided hemorrhoid artery ligation is a minimally invasive procedure in which an ultrasound is used to locate the arterial blood flow. The blood vessel is then tied off, and the prolapsed tissue is sutured back into place. There is no removal of tissue. A local, regional, or general anesthetic may be used.

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